Home : Health and Fitness : Types Of Birth Control And Their Examples

Types of Birth Control and their Examples

Contraception or birth control is a method that can be used to prevent unwanted pregnancy and STDs. Both men and women can use various devices, medicines, and even surgical procedures to prevent the same. Based on recent statistics, almost 65 percent of women in the country used birth control measures as it helps them with better family planning.

Types of Birth Control and their Examples
The following article sheds light on various types of birth control measures, its effectiveness, and possible side effects.

Types of birth control
The type of birth control depends on your health and your desire to have children in the future. Some of the most effective birth control measures are divided into four main methods:

Hormonal methods  

  • Birth control implant
    Also known as etonogestrel implants, they are tiny, thin rods that release synthetic hormones in the body, preventing women from getting pregnant. A doctor or nurse inserts this implant into the woman’s upper arm. The rod releases a hormone called progestin, which thickens the mucus in the cervix and lining of the uterus. The same hormone also stops the eggs from leaving the ovaries, which helps avoiding pregnancy. This low-maintenance birth control implant can prevent pregnancy for up to five years, depending on the woman’s overall health. However, this form of birth control cannot protect against STDs. The typical success rate of using this form of birth control is more than 90 percent.
  • Birth control ring
    It is a small and flexible ring that needs to be placed inside the vagina. It prevents pregnancy by releasing estrogen and progestin in the body. Doctors recommend avoiding birth control rings for those with a history of blood clots, inherited blood disorder, breast cancer, stroke, and migraine.
  • Injection
    In this type of birth control method, women are required to take injections of progestin every three months. The success rate of using this form of birth control is around 96%.
  • Progestin pills
    These are sometimes referred to as “mini-pills” and contain only progestin. They are different from combined contraceptives as they contain both estrogen and progestin. Progestin pills are suitable for women who cannot take estrogen pills due to various health conditions. The typical success rate of using progestin pills is more than 90 percent. The side effects of using progestin-only birth control options include dizziness, abdominal bloating, loss of libido, prolonged periods, breast tenderness, and skin rashes among many others.
  • Combined contraceptive pills
    Over-the-counter birth control pills contain a combination of estrogen and progestin, and are recommended to be taken within a day or two of unprotected intercourse. Doctors may advice against this birth control method to women older than 35 years and have a history of blood clots or breast cancer.
  • Patch
    This birth control method is a type of skin patch which women wear on their lower abdomen, buttocks, and upper body (except the breasts). Prescribed by doctors, this method releases progestin and estrogen into the bloodstream, which thickens the inner lining of the cervix. Women can put the patch once a week for three weeks and remove it during the fourth week to avoid irregular menstruation.

Intrauterine methods

  • IUD
    Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. This type of birth control is the most long-term, reversible, and effective birth control measures. IUDs are made of small piece of flexible plastic shaped like a ‘T’. There are two types of IUDs- Copper IUDs and hormonal IUDs. Copper IUDs can protect you from pregnancy for up to 10 years, while hormonal IUDs work by releasing progestin hormone and avoiding pregnancy for up to five years. The birth control method has the highest success rate of up to 99 percent and side effects may include uterine bleeding and pain.

Barrier methods

  • Male condom
    Comprising of latex, male condom keeps the sperm from getting into a woman’s body. The birth control method used by men also protects both partners from the risk of suffering from HIV and other STDs. The typical success rate of using this type of birth control is nearly 90 percent.
  • Female condom
    Women insert latex condoms in the vaginal track blocking the sperms’ entry. Female condom can be inserted eight hours before intercourse. However, their success rate is not as high as that of male condoms.
  • Cervical cap and sponges
    Cervical cap are also called as diaphragms. They are a thimble-shaped cup that are hollow and placed inside the vagina to cover the cervix. The spermicide present in the cap kills the sperm. It is recommended to visit a gynecologist for proper fitting as these cups come in different sizes. Sponges work in a similar way except they must be left in the vagina for at least six hours after intercourse. The success rate of these types of contraception is up to 80 percent.

Permanent methods

  • Male sterilization
    The medical name for male sterilization is vasectomy. In this method, the vas deferens tube that carries sperm into the semen is blocked or cut. It has the highest success rate of birth control of about 99 percent.
  • Tubal Litigation
    This female sterilization is also called as tubectomy. This outpatient procedure involves tying of fallopian tubes so that fertilization does not take place.
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An Overview Of Colon Polyps

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The Types Of Colon Polyps And Their Prevention
Health & Wellness

The Types Of Colon Polyps And Their Prevention

The types of colon polyps and their prevention Growths that occur on the inner lining of the colon (large intestine) and usually protrude into the colon are known as colon polyps. They form when the genetic material within the cells that line the colon changes and becomes abnormal. Under normal circumstances, the immature cells that line the colon multiply, mature, and then die in a timely fashion. On the other hand, the genetic changes in the lining cells prevent the cells from maturing, and they don’t die. Resultantly, immature and genetically abnormal cells start accumulating in the colon, eventually resulting in the formation of polyps. This article intends to raise awareness about colon polyps, its types, symptoms, diagnosis, the colon polyps – causes, and more. What are the types of colon polyps? Inflammatory colon polyps : Also known as false polyps, it is mostly found in people who have inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. These polyps are inflammatory manifestations of IBD, are benign, and are unlikely to become cancerous. Adenomatous colon polyps : Also known as adenomas, this type of colon polyps make up about 70% of all polyps found in the colon. They can become cancerous, but the process takes years. Hyperplastic colon polyps : The term hyperplasia means fast growth, which indicates an abnormal increase in the number of cells resulting in the gross enlargement of the colon polyp. Despite the rapid growth, hyperplastic polyps have a low risk of turning cancerous. Villous adenoma : This type of colon polyp has a greater potential of becoming cancerous. It is estimated that approximately 30 percent of villous adenomas develop into a malignancy. These polyps require surgery for the removal of their cauliflower-like protrusions. What are the causes of colon polyps? Experts are not sure about the colon polyps – causes. However, the causes are believed to be a mix of environmental and genetic factors that result in an abnormal tissue growth. What are the known risk factors of colon polyps? Age : The risk of developing colon polyps tends to increase with age. Family history : A close relative with colon cancer or polyps raises the risk. Sex : Men have a slightly higher chance of developing polyps. Race : Black men and women have a higher risk. Alcohol : Alcohol consumption is closely linked to colon cancer risk and is known as one of the colon polyps – causes. Red meat : If not had in moderation, red meat can serve as one of the colon polyps – causes. Having too much red meat increases the risk of colorectal cancer as well. Lack of dietary fiber : A good intake of fiber has many benefits, including colon benefits. It decreases the risk of colon cancer. Smoking : Smoking increases the risk of all types of cancers, and colon polyps or cancer is no exception. Obesity : Obese people are at higher risk of developing colon polyps and cancer. How are colonic polyps diagnosed? The following tests help diagnose colon polyps: Colonoscopy Sigmoidoscopy Barium enema CT colonography Stool test What are the symptoms of colon polyps? Change in stool color Rectal bleeding Iron deficiency Anemia Change in bowel habits Abdominal pain Blood in the stool Fatigue How common are colon polyps? They are very common. They increase in prevalence as people age. If one has colon polyps, they are more likely to develop polyps elsewhere in the colon later. Only a small proportion of polyps cause symptoms or signs, which usually are the result of bleeding from the polyp. How can colon polyps be prevented? Adopt healthy habits : Adopt healthy habits and increase the intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Limit fat intake, alcohol consumption, and quit tobacco. Stay physically active and maintain a healthy weight. Avoid all the estimated colon polyps – causes. Seek advice if at high risk : If there’s a family history of colon polyps or its other risk factors affect one, seeking prompt medical advice and counseling is important. With regular colonoscopies, one can prevent the colon polyps – causes from developing, and hence preventing the colon from developing.
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Health & Wellness

Carcinoid Neuroendocrine Tumors – Prognosis And Life Expectancy

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What Are The First Signs Of Liver Damage
Health & Wellness

What Are The First Signs Of Liver Damage

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What Are The Causes And Symptoms Of External Hemorroids
Health & Wellness

What Are The Causes And Symptoms Of External Hemorroids

What are the causes and symptoms of external Hemorrhoids? Hemorrhoids, popularly known as ‘Piles,’ are enlarged or swollen blood vessels near the lower part of the rectum or anus. The inflamed veins are caused due to excessive pressure on the veins or extra strain during bowel movements. Hemorrhoids are very common in men as well as women in their middle age. There are no major hemorrhoids – symptoms however these can be very painful and may cause severe itching and bleeding. What are the types of Hemorrhoids? There are various types of hemorrhoids that are classified based on the way they are caused: Internal hemorrhoids – In this type of condition, the swelling of the blood vessels is inside the rectum area. It may not cause discomfort however it may get painful during bowel movements and may cause bleeding. It may also at time protrude outside the anal opening and cause irritation. External hemorrhoids: In this condition, the swelling is around the skin of the anal area or the lower rectum area. It usually causes painful bowel movements and irritation due to itching. Thrombosed hemorrhoids: In this type of a situation there is generally a blood clot formation inside the hemorrhoid which is very distressing. What are the symptoms of external hemorrhoids? The external hemorrhoids – symptoms are: The bowel movements may not be very painful but contain blood every time you pass stool. It may even stain the tissue paper or undergarments. Severe and uncontrollable itching around the anal area. Intolerable pain in the rectum area during and after bowel movements. Discomfort while sitting or walking, along with pain and itching. Swelling of blood vessels in or around the anal fissure which may even protrude sometimes outside the anal opening. Lump in and around the anal area which is often sensitive, tender and painful may be a symptom of a thrombosed hemorrhoid. How is it caused? Every single person has hemorrhoids, it is only when they have swelling or inflammation it becomes troublesome and painful. The exact and precise cause for hemorrhoids is still not known. The increase in the pressure around the lower part of the rectum can cause swelling and inflammation in the blood vessels which may cause hemorrhoids and its symptoms. There are many other causes that lead to recurrent hemorrhoids which are: Strain or injury during bowel movements: This may happen due to constipation or pressure to pass the bowels. Diarrhea: It is also one of the causes of hemorrhoids. Chronic Constipation: The pressure put by the patient during constipation may lead to the swelling of the blood vessels. Injury to the spinal cord can also strain the veins leading to hemorrhoid formation. Pregnancy: Can lead to hemorrhoids as it tends to put pressure on the veins in the lower rectum area due to the enlarged uterus thereby causing swelling or inflammation. Sitting for prolonged periods in a place, plane, car or bus journey may put pressure on the lower rectum or anal area which may cause the blood vessels to get enlarged or swell thus leading to hemorrhoids. Irregular bowel movements: Can cause hemorrhoids due to strain or pressure during the bowel movements. Obesity can cause hemorrhoids Low fiber diet: Fiber in diet enables the smooth functioning of the digestive tract however low fiber may affect the smooth functioning of the digestive system which may lead to piles and enlarged veins in the rectum area. Inappropriate posture: Due to various reasons can lead to hemorrhoids as it may put pressure on the lower area of the rectum and anal opening. Family history: Many a times hemorrhoids are caused due to genetics as the person may have inherited it from his/her family. What are the treatment options? In most of cases of hemorrhoids, you can opt for self-treatment or home remedies as these aid in the problem going away. However, in the severe cases, medical intervention such as surgical procedures or medicines may be required for the person to recover fully. A medical intervention is the best way to manage the symptoms of hemorrhoids and nip the condition in the bud as soon as possible.
Home Remedies To Relieve Pain And Discomfort Due To Hemorrhoids
Health & Wellness

Home Remedies To Relieve Pain And Discomfort Due To Hemorrhoids

Home remedies to relieve pain and discomfort due to hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids are also known as “piles” as they are swollen or inflamed veins in and around the anus region of the body that cause severe pain, along with distress and bleeding. The swelling is caused due to increased pressure around the area or due to an injury during a bowel movement. It is a very common condition that may occur in the middle ages for both men and women. However, there are numerous options available to treat it. Many people can get relief from hemorrhoids by following major lifestyle changes and precautions; in severe cases, surgical intervention may be required. Who is at risk of hemorrhoids? People in their 50s are generally likely to get hemorrhoids; otherwise, people who can be at risk are as follows: Pregnant women Obese people Constipation Those sitting for long periods on the toilet seat Those who have low fiber intake in their regular diet Those with an injury caused by a bowel movement What are the symptoms? The various symptoms of hemorrhoids are these: Painless bleeding during bowel movements Severe itching around the anus Discomfort and unbearable pain while sitting Swelling or inflammation around the anal region How is hemorrhoids diagnosed? Hemorrhoids are generally diagnosed by looking at it visually. The other ways to test and detect hemorrhoids include those listed here: Digital rectal examination : In this test, the doctor will first check the anus canal and rectum visually and then decide to go for the digital rectal examination. The doctor will use their finger with gloves and insert it in the rectum to feel any abnormalities or growths for identification of hemorrhoids. Sigmoidoscopy : It is a test done by the doctor when the internal hemorrhoids are difficult to diagnose as they are often soft to be felt during the rectal exam. Sigmoidoscopy is done using a small camera around the anal canal area or the lower part of the rectum. Colonoscopy : This is done by the doctor to detect hemorrhoids in cases when the patient is detected with some other digestive disorders, when there is a risk of colorectal cancer, or when the patient has been through colonoscopy recently. In this test, the patient is given medicines before the test to feel drowsy and relaxed. The doctor inserts the camera with a tube into the lower end of the rectum right up to the other end to be able to see the internal parts in the camera for a specific examination. What are some prevention measures for hemorrhoids? There are various ways to avoid getting hemorrhoids, which include these: Sufficient amount of water intake Regular exercise Fiber included in the diet Active life Avoiding constipation Eating moderate food that is easy to digest What are the home remedies to treat hemorrhoids? Hemorrhoid cures and treatment can also be done using popular home remedies, which are as mentioned: Eating fiber-rich food : The regular diet should include fruits, vegetables, grains, and lots of liquids. This will help avoid acidity and will help in smooth digestion. This will also help avoid any injury to the blood vessels in the rectum area. Aloe vera : This is an incredible natural product that is beneficial to mankind in numerous ways, and it is also helpful in treating hemorrhoids. Application of aloe vera will help in reducing the irritation and itching in the rectum area. Sitz bath : This treatment is advised by the doctor to help the patient with hemorrhoids. It involves sitting in warm water for 15-20 minutes for 3-4 times a day to get relief from pain. Cleanliness : The physical practitioner will also give directives to keep the area clean and dry to avoid any further infections. Avoid perfumed or chemical-based products and keep the area dry as much as possible. Soothing wipes : Soft wet wipes can be used to clean and soothe the area from swelling. Stool softeners : In the form of liquids or tablets, these can be advised by the doctor to avoid constipation and help in easy and quick bowel movements, which will help in getting relief from pain. Cold compress : Ice packs or cold compresses to the rectum or anal area will help in relieving swelling and inflammation of the blood vessels. Witch hazel : This can be applied directly to the affected area to help reduce pain and itching.